What is cognitive disorder?

Cognitive disorder is a general term that describes decreased mental function due to a medical disease other than a psychiatric illness.

Cognitive disorders are divided into three subcategories:

• Delirium.
• Mild cognitive disorder - some decreased mental function, but still able to be independent and maintain daily tasks.
• Major cognitive disorder - decreased mental function and inability to perform daily tasks. Also known as dementia.

What are the symptoms of cognitive disorder?

Symptoms can vary depending on the illness. In general, organic brain syndrome leads to:

• Agitation
• Confusion
• Permanent loss of brain function (dementia)
• Severe, temporary loss of brain function (delirium)

What causes cognitive disorders?

The following are conditions linked to cognitive disorder.

Traumatic brain injury

• Intracerebral hemorrhage can occur when blood flows into the brain.
• Bleeding (subarachnoid hemorrhage) into the space around the brain
• Blood clots within the skull but out of the brain and its covering, which causes squeezing of the brain due to pressure (subdural or epidural hematoma)
• Concussion

Respiratory disorders

• Low blood oxygen levels (hypoxia)
• Hypercapnia, or elevated carbon dioxide levels in the body

Cardiovascular disorders

• Dementia due to many strokes (multi-infarct dementia)
• Diseases of the heart such as infection (endocarditis, myocarditis)
• Stroke
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Degenerative disorders

• Alzheimer's disease (also known as senile dementia, Alzheimer's type)
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
• Diffuse lewy body disease
• Huntington disease
• Multiple sclerosis
• Normal pressure hydrocephalus
• Parkinson disease
• Pick disease

Metabolic insanities

• Kidney disease
• Liver disease
• Thyroid disease (hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism)
• Vitamin deficiency (B1, B12, or folate)

Medication and substance-related conditions

• Alcohol withdrawal state
• Intoxication from drug or alcohol use
• The effects of medications, such as corticosteroids, sedative-hypnotics, antidepressants, and antihistamines
• A chronic consequence of thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
• Drug withdrawal, including corticosteroid and sedative-hypnotic withdrawal

Infective insanities

• Any acute infection
• Any chronic infection
• Blood poisoning (septicemia)
• Brain infection (encephalitis)
• Meningitis is an infection of the brain and spinal cord's outer layer
• Prion infections, such as mad cow disease
• Late-stage syphilis
• Cancer and its treatment with chemotherapy can also cause cognitive disorders

Other conditions that may present with organic brain syndrome symptoms include:

• Depression
• Neurosis
• Psychosis

What test is done to diagnose cognitive disorder?

Tests vary depending upon the disorder but may include:

• Blood tests
• Neuropsychological testing
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Head CT scan
• Head MRI
• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap)

How is cognitive disorder treated?

The nature of the disorder dictates the nature of treatment: Many conditions have mainly rehabilitation and supportive care so that the patient can regain abilities lost due to the areas involved with the lesions of the brain. Medicines are sometimes used to reduce behaviors such as aggressive tendencies that have occurred with a few of these disorders.

What are the potential complications of the cognitive disorder?

Individuals who suffer from cognitive disorders frequently lose their capacity for independent thought and interaction.

What is the prognosis for cognitive disorder?

Some illnesses are short-term and curable. However, many are chronic or worsen with time.

When should I see my doctor?

Contact your doctor if:

• You have been diagnosed with organic brain syndrome and you are uncertain about the exact disorder.
• You have symptoms of this condition.
• You are diagnosed with a cognitive disorder, and your symptoms are getting worse.

Why Tender Palm Super-Speciality Hospital for cognitive disorder?

Tender Palm Hospital, owned by doctors, is renowned for attracting the most experienced professional in the country, with the finest neurologist and neurosurgeons specialized in cognitive disorder. Tender Palm stands out as the premier Neurology hospital in Lucknow, India. Boasting cutting-edge infrastructure and advanced technology, Tender Palm ensures top-notch medical care for its patients.

To Book an appointment for cognitive disorder

Call us at +91-9076972161
Email at care@tenderpalm.com

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