Overview

What is a Heart attack?

Myocardial dead tissue, also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply to a part of your heart is cut off. This obstruction that prevents oxygen from reaching it can cause the heart muscle to become damaged or even die.

How does it happen?

Plaque buildup: Plaque, a fatty substance, can accumulate over time in the coronary vein that carry blood to the heart.
Blockage: When plaque ruptures, blood can become trapped. This buildup may cause the heart to not be able to receive blood.

What are the symptoms of a heart attack?

Chest tightness is the most common sign of heart failure, but it's important to note that unexpected side effects can happen to anyone.

Several common signs include:

Chest pain: This typically manifests as discomfort, tightness, or tension.
Pain or discomfort in other areas: Pain or discomfort may occur in the arms, back, neck, jaw, or abdomen.
Difficulty breathing - Breathing problems can occur in the presence or absence of chest discomfort. One of the most common symptoms of cold sweats is excessive sweating.
Nausea or vomiting- Some individuals experience digestive discomfort.
Dizziness or lightheadedness- These may be symptoms.
Fatigue- Excessive fatigue may be a sign.

What causes a heart attack?

Cardiovascular failure is primarily caused by coronary vein disease (computer-aided design). This condition is caused by the build-up of plaque, fat, cholesterol, and other cell waste products, which get deposited in the coronary supply passages that provide blood to the heart.

How is this possible?

Plaque development: The coronary passages become narrow as a result of the accumulation of plaque over a long period.
Reduced blood flow: Due to vein obstruction, the heart muscle receives less blood.
Lumps: When the plaque ruptures, blood may accumulate.
Complete blockage: If the clot completely blocks the artery, blood cannot enter the heart muscle at that location.
Damage to the heart muscle: When the heart muscles get less oxygen and nutrients from the blood, they begin to die.
Coronary failures can also occur due to various reasons, for example, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, and obesity.

What is the diagnosis and testing for a heart attack?

During a routine checkup, a doctor will check you for risk factors for a heart attack. Cardiac arrest is always an emergency. If you have had a heart attack before or are about to have one, healthcare professionals will treat your heart attack immediately. If you feel healthy enough to answer, you may be asked about your symptoms and medical history. Assessing the patient's temperature, pulse, and blood pressure is necessary to diagnose a heart attack. Tests are performed to measure heart rate and evaluate overall heart health.

Tests:

ECG records the electrical activity of the heart and identifies any irregularities that may indicate localized myocardial necrosis.
Blood tests: After myocardial injury, certain proteins called cardiovascular markers are transferred to the circulatory system. These markers can be measured by blood tests to detect and validate the severity of cardiovascular failure.
Chest X-ray can help rule out other possible causes of side effects and give data about the size and structure of the heart, even though it is not intended for respiratory failures.
Echocardiogram- This test uses sound waves to create pictures of the heart, which are very helpful in determining coronary disease and heart capacity.
Coronary angiography- To identify blockages, this system involves injecting dye into the coronary arteries and collecting X-rays. It is widely used to choose the trendy course of care.
CT check- This can be used to identify calcium accumulation and delineate the coronary course.

What is the treatment for a heart attack?

After a cardiac attack, more heart tissue is damaged or dies every nanosecond. To improve blood flow and increase oxygen status, immediate care is required. Oxygen is given intravenously. The type of treatment for a heart attack depends on whether the blood flow is completely or partially blocked.

Medication-

Aspirin: It helps prevent blood clots.
Nitroglycerin: It increases the blood flow by relaxing your blood arteries.
Beta-blockers: They lower blood pressure and regulate heart rate.
ACE inhibitors: They relax blood vessels and reduce heart stress.
Thrombolytics: They break up blood clots that are blocking the coronary arteries.

Surgeries and Procedures for Heart Attack- The primary purpose of these procedures is to restore blood flow to the heart muscle.

Angioplasty and Stenting- A thin tube (catheter) is fitted into a blood vessel in the arm or groin and directed to the blocked coronary artery. A stent, which is a small mesh tube, is then inserted to keep the supply passage open after a small amount of air is infused to open it.

Coronary Vein Sidestep Join (CABG)- In this open cardiac medical procedure, an obstructed coronary vessel is closed by joining a solid vein from another area of the body, restoring blood flow to the heart muscle.

Thrombolysis- This treatment involves injecting a coagulation-dissolving drug directly into the flow to dissolve the coagulation obstructing the coronary passage.

Typically, this is done a few hours after respiratory failure. The site of the blockage, the patient's overall well-being, and the severity of the respiratory failure all influence the technique chosen.

How to prevent a heart attack?

Generally, there are several measures you can take to prevent a heart attack. However, despite your best efforts, some influences can lead to a heart attack, such as your family history, that you cannot change. Reducing your risk may delay or reduce the severity of a heart attack.

What can I expect if I have a heart attack?

After you leave the medical center, your heart attack treatment does not end. You will need to follow the recommended measures and adjust your daily routine because you are at increased risk for another heart attack.

Living With

How do I take care of my needs?

After a heart attack, you will need to take medication for the rest of your life, some of which were prescribed to you for emergency treatment of the heart attack. These include

Beta-blockers ACE blockers
Aspirin, as well as other blood-thinning medications
Statins

Why Tender Palm Super-Speciality Hospital for Heart Attack?

Tender Palm Hospital has the most experienced team of Cardiologists, Cardiac Surgeons, and diagnostics with the latest and International standard infection control measures in Lucknow, India. The Cardiac Science Centre team has decades of experience in successfully treating Heart attacks.