Overview

A Subdural Hematoma (SDH) is a cluster of blood between the surface of the brain and the Dura Mater, the outermost protective layer covering the brain, which typically occurs in individuals when veins between their brain and the Dura mater rupture and causes blood to get accumulated in the brain. According to medical researchers, SDH affects individuals due to head injuries or a traumatic condition targeting their head, but it may not be the only factor, as people, especially the elderly ones, are also affected naturally by its syndromes who take anticoagulants. There are two types of SDH, i.e., Acute, occurring rapidly after injury, and Sub-Acute (Chronic), developing more slowly in individuals.

Symptoms & Causes

Symptoms:-

The symptoms of a subdural hematoma can vary depending on the size and rate of blood accumulation. Common symptoms include:-

• Severe headache
• Confusion
• Drowsiness or lethargy
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weakness or numbness, typically on one side of the body
• Speech difficulties
• Vision problems
• Seizures
• Loss of consciousness in severe cases

Causes:-

SDH is typically Caused by:-

• Head trauma - Accidents, falls, or sports injuries are the most common causes, particularly in younger individuals.
• Anticoagulant use - People taking blood thinners are at higher risk as the blood’s ability to clot is reduced.
• Aging - The brain shrinks with age, stretching the veins and making them more susceptible to rupture.

Alcohol use and certain medical conditions may also increase the risk of SDH.

Diagnosis & Tests

Diagnosing SDH requires a combination of clinical examination and imaging studies for which the physicians, especially neurologists or neurosurgeons employ physical and neurological tests to check for symptoms of brain injury.

• CT scan - This is the primary imaging tool used to detect SDH and assess its size and location.
• MRI scan - In some cases, an MRI can provide a more detailed view of the brain tissue and blood accumulation.
• Angiography - If an underlying vascular abnormality is suspected, angiography may be performed.

Management & Treatment

The treatment of SDH depends on its size, rate of expansion, and the patient’s overall health.

• Observation - Small, stable hematomas may be monitored with frequent imaging and treated conservatively, especially in patients with minimal symptoms.
• Surgical intervention - Larger or expanding SDH requires surgery. Two main surgical options are:
• Burr Hole Drainage - A hole is drilled into the skull to drain the accumulated blood.
• Craniotomy - In more severe cases, part of the skull is removed to allow access for blood removal and to relieve pressure on the brain.
• Medications - Anti-seizure medications may be prescribed to prevent seizures, and anticoagulants may be adjusted or stopped.

Prevention

While not all cases of SDH can be prevented, some measures can reduce the risk:-

• Wearing protective headgear during sports or high-risk activities
• Avoiding falls by making the living environment safer for elderly individuals
• Managing blood pressure and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption
• Regular monitoring of blood-thinning medications in high-risk patients

Outlook / Prognosis

The prognosis for SDH depends on the severity of the bleed, the patient’s age, and the timeliness of treatment. With prompt surgical intervention, many patients recover well, though older patients may experience lingering cognitive or physical effects. Delayed treatment or severe bleeds can lead to long-term neurological damage or death.

Living With

Patients recovering from SDH may require rehabilitation to regain motor skills and cognitive function. Regular follow-ups with neurosurgeons or neurologists are essential to monitor recovery and prevent recurrence. Lifestyle changes, such as fall prevention and medication adjustments, are crucial to reducing the risk of future SDH.

Why Tender Palm Super-Specialty Hospital for Subdural Hematoma (SDH)?

Tender Palm Super-Specialty Hospital, owned and led by experienced medical professionals, is renowned for attracting the most skilled neurosurgeons and vascular neurologists in the country. Our Cerebrovascular Center is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities, providing the finest care for complex brain conditions such as Subdural Hematoma (SDH).

The hospital stands out as a premier destination for cerebrovascular treatment in Gomtinagar, Lucknow (UP), India. With cutting-edge infrastructure, including advanced CT scans, MRI technology, and specialized neuro-critical care units, Tender Palm ensures that patients with SDH receive precise and timely diagnosis and treatment.

Our team of specialists is highly trained in managing acute, sub-acute, and chronic forms of SDH. From minimally invasive burr hole drainage to advanced craniotomy procedures, our neurosurgery team provides individualized care based on each patient’s condition. The hospital is also home to a dedicated rehabilitation center, where patients receive post-operative support to ensure optimal recovery.

To seek an expert consultation for any cerebrovascular condition, including Subdural Hematoma (SDH)

Call us at +91-9076972161
Email at care@tenderpalm.com

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