What is Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) in Children?

Generally, urine flows in one direction: from the kidneys, down through tubes called ureters, and into the bladder. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder up toward the kidneys.

The urinary system is designed with one-way valves where the ureters meet the bladder to prevent this backward flow. In children with VUR, these valves do not work correctly, allowing urine to travel the wrong way. This can lead to infections or, in more serious cases, permanent damage to the kidneys.

What causes VUR in children?

There are several reasons why a child might develop VUR. The most common causes include:

• Birth Defects: Some children are born with structural issues, such as problems with the neural tube (like spina bifida).
• Urinary Tract Abnormalities: Issues like posterior urethral valves, ureterocele, or having a double ureter can disrupt the normal flow of urine.
• Genetics: If a parent or sibling has had VUR, a child is more likely to be born with it.

Which children are most likely to get VUR?

The likelihood of having VUR can change based on age and gender:

• Infants: Among babies, boys are more likely to have VUR because their urinary tracts experience higher pressure during urination.
• Young Children: As children grow slightly older, girls become more likely than boys to be diagnosed with the condition.
• Race: Statistics show that Caucasian children are diagnosed with VUR more frequently than children of other races.

What are the signs and symptoms of VUR in children?

Symptoms can vary from one child to another. You should look out for:

• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): This is the most common sign. Symptoms include a fever, back pain, or a burning sensation when peeing.
• Urination Issues: This includes a frequent or urgent need to go, wetting pants, or "dribbling" urine.
• Physical Signs: A swollen lump in the belly or high blood pressure.
• Growth Issues: Not gaining weight at a healthy or expected rate.

Because these symptoms can look like many other health problems, it is important to have your child evaluated by a doctor.

How do doctors find out if a child has VUR?

In some cases, a doctor can spot VUR on an ultrasound before a baby is even born. If a doctor suspects VUR after birth, they may use the following tests:

• VCUG (Voiding Cystourethrogram): This is a specialized X-ray. A doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube called a catheter into the urethra to fill the bladder with a special dye. X-rays are taken while the bladder fills and empties to see if the liquid flows backward toward the kidneys.
• Renal Ultrasound: This painless test uses sound waves to create a picture of the kidneys. The doctor uses a device called a transducer to check the size and shape of the kidneys and look for stones, cysts, or blockages.

How is VUR treated in children?

The treatment plan will depend on your child’s age, overall health, and the grade of the reflux. Doctors grade VUR on a scale of 1 to 5:

• Grade 1-3 (Mild to Moderate): In many cases, these grades go away on their own as the child grows (usually within 5 years). A doctor may prescribe daily antibiotics to prevent infections and request regular urine tests.
• Grade 4-5 (Severe): If the reflux is severe, surgery may be necessary. A surgeon can create a "flap-valve" for the ureter to stop the backward flow. In very rare and extreme cases, a severely damaged kidney might need to be removed.

Always talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of each treatment option to decide what is best for your child.

What complications can happen if VUR in children is not treated?

If VUR is not managed, the repeated backward flow of urine can cause recurring kidney infections. Over time, these infections can lead to permanent kidney scarring and decreased kidney function.

When should you call your child's doctor?

You should contact your doctor immediately if:

• Your child’s symptoms are getting worse or are not improving with treatment.
• Your child develops brand-new symptoms, such as a high fever or severe abdominal pain.

Why choose Tender Palm Super-Speciality Hospital for Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) treatment for children in Lucknow, India?

Tender Palm Super-Speciality Hospital offers advanced Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) treatment for children in Lucknow, India, at an affordable cost. We have a team of experienced pediatric urologists and kidney specialists who provide accurate diagnosis with advanced imaging, personalized medical care, and specialized surgical treatment tailored to each child's specific condition. Our Pediatric Urology team has decades of experience in successfully treating Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) in Lucknow, India.

To seek an Expert Consultation for Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR) treatment for children in Lucknow, India:

Call us at +91-9076972161
Email at care@tenderpalm.com

Request a Call Back