What is a prostate biopsy?

A prostate biopsy is a medical procedure where a doctor removes tiny samples of tissue from the prostate gland. These samples are then sent to a lab to be examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells or other abnormalities.

Why might my doctor recommend a prostate biopsy?

Your doctor may recommend a prostate biopsy if initial tests suggest you might have prostate cancer. Common reasons include:

Elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) levels: A blood test showing higher than normal PSA levels for your age.
Abnormal Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): Your doctor finding lumps or other irregularities during a physical examination of your prostate.6
Previous biopsy results: If a prior biopsy showed abnormal but not cancerous cells, or if you had a normal biopsy but still have persistently elevated PSA levels.

How do I prepare for a prostate biopsy?

Your physician will give you detailed instructions, which could include:

Medication review: Tell your doctor about all the medications and supplements you take, especially blood thinners (such as warfarin or aspirin), which you might need to stop taking a few days before to the surgery in order to lower your risk of bleeding.
Antibiotics: You'll likely be prescribed antibiotics to start one to two days before the biopsy and continue for a few days afterward to prevent infection.
Dietary recommendations: You might be advised to eat only a light meal on the day of the procedure and avoid certain foods.
Enema: You may need to use an enema at home to clear your rectum before the biopsy.
Arranging a ride home: If sedation is used, you'll need someone to drive you home.

What happens during the prostate biopsy procedure?

The procedure typically takes about 10-20 minutes. You'll usually lie on your side with your knees bent. Your doctor will likely use an ultrasound probe inserted into your rectum to visualize the prostate. The area will be made numb by an injection of a local anesthetic. A thin, spring-loaded needle is then rapidly inserted under ultrasound guidance to take several tissue samples (typically 10–18) from various prostate regions. While the samples are being obtained, you may experience a short sting or pressure.

Are there different types of prostate biopsies?

Yes, the most common methods include:

Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy: The needle is inserted through the wall of the rectum.17 This is the most common approach.
Transperineal biopsy: The needle is inserted through the skin between the scrotum and the anus (perineum). This method is gaining popularity due to a potentially lower risk of infection.
MRI-guided biopsy: Sometimes, MRI images are used to target specific suspicious areas identified on previous scans, either alone or fused with ultrasound images (MRI-fusion biopsy).

What are the benefits of a prostate biopsy?

The primary benefit is that a prostate biopsy is the only definitive way to diagnose prostate cancer. If cancer is found, the biopsy also provides crucial information about its aggressiveness (Gleason score), which helps in determining the most appropriate treatment plan.

What are the risks associated with a prostate biopsy?

While generally safe, potential risks include:

Bleeding: It's common to experience some light bleeding from the rectum, blood in your urine, and blood in your semen (which can last for several weeks).
Infection: Though antibiotics are given to reduce this risk, infections of the urinary tract or prostate can occur. In rare cases, a severe infection called sepsis can develop.
Difficulty urinating: Swelling from the biopsy can sometimes temporarily make urination difficult, rarely requiring a temporary urinary catheter.
Discomfort/Pain: You may experience mild soreness or discomfort at the biopsy site for a few days.
Anxiety: Some patients experience anxiety related to the procedure and the potential for a cancer diagnosis.

What can I expect during recovery after a prostate biopsy?

Recovery is usually quick, with most men resuming normal activities within a day or two. You may experience:

Mild soreness: At the biopsy site.
Light bleeding: In your urine, stool, or from your rectum for a few days to a couple of weeks.
Blood in semen: This is common and can make your semen appear red or rust-colored for several weeks.
Burning sensation during urination: This is usually mild and resolves within a few days.
Fatigue: For a few days, some people could feel exhausted.

What are the post-biopsy restrictions and recommendations?

To aid in recovery and prevent complications:

Light activities: Avoid strenuous exercise, heavy lifting, and intense physical activity for at least 24-48 hours, or as advised by your doctor.
Hydration: Increase your fluid intake to assist clear your bladder and lower your chance of infection.
Medications: Continue taking any prescribed antibiotics as directed.34 Take pain relievers like acetaminophen for discomfort, but avoid aspirin or NSAIDs unless specifically approved by your doctor.
Sexual activity: Avoid sexual activity for about 3-7 days to minimize bleeding risk.
Bowel movements: Avoid straining; a stool softener may be recommended if needed.
Alcohol: Avoid alcohol while on antibiotics.

When will I get my biopsy results?

Your doctor will typically contact you to discuss your results within 5 to 7 days after the biopsy. In addition to describing the cells discovered, the pathology report will provide a Gleason score to indicate the aggressiveness of any malignancy.

When should I contact my doctor after a prostate biopsy?

Although little bleeding and minor discomfort are common, if you encounter any of the following symptoms, call your doctor right away as they may point to a more serious issue:

Fever: A temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or shaking chills.39 These can be signs of infection.
Heavy or prolonged bleeding: Bleeding from your rectum that is heavy, continuous, or not settling, or bright red blood or large clots in your urine.
Inability to urinate: If you have significant difficulty or are unable to pass urine.
Worsening pain: If your pain increases significantly or does not improve with over-the-counter pain relievers.
Symptoms of sepsis: Flu-like symptoms that worsen, or feeling generally unwell.
Adverse reaction to antibiotics: Such as a rash, swelling, vomiting, or diarrhea.
Any other concerns: If you have any other questions or feel something is not right, always err on the side of caution and contact your doctor.

Why choose Tender Palm Super-Speciality Hospital for Prostate Biopsy in Lucknow, India?

Tender Palm Super-Speciality Hospital is one of the best hospitals for Prostate Biopsy in Lucknow, India. Our experienced Urologists use advanced technology and provide patient-focused care, ensuring safer procedures, quicker recovery, and improved long-term outcomes. We offer the best treatment with effective and affordable pricing, making the Prostate Biopsy cost suitable for patients seeking high-quality care in Lucknow, India.