What is Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL)?

Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) is a noninvasive procedure that integrates an urological treatment process and generates high-energy sound waves known as shock waves to fragment kidney or ureteral stones into smaller pieces that can pass naturally in urine. It is a treatment of choice in patients with small to medium stones, avoiding incisions, using anaesthesia, and staying in the hospital for long periods.

Why Should One be under SWL?

The following are indications for SWL:-

The size of the stones is less than 2 centimetres.
The rocks generally persist in either the kidney or the upper ureter.
Patients have symptoms of pain, recurrent infections, or blood in the urine caused by stones.
There are no other alternatives, or previous treatments have failed.
The preferred option for the patient is non-invasive treatment.

If left untreated, stones can result in pain, infections, hydronephrosis (enlarged kidney), and damage to the kidney.

Before the Procedure

Imaging Tests: Ultrasound, X-rays, or CT scans are essential to establish the size and location of stones.
Blood & Urine Tests: Ensure infection does not occur before testing kidney function.
Review of Medications: Some blood thinners might require stopping.
Fasting: You will likely not eat for a few hours if sedation becomes essential.
Hydration: Remain hydrated unless otherwise instructed.

What Can I Expect During the Procedure?

Anaesthesia: Usually light sedation or local anaesthesia for comfort.
Positioning: You lie on a specialised table with a water cushion for delivering shock waves.
Application of Shock Waves: Fluoroscopy or ultrasound guidance brings high-energy sound waves to focus on the stone.
Breaking Stones: Break up the rocks into small pieces, passable naturally.
Time Required: Usually 45-60 minutes.
Outpatient Treatment: Most patients go home after this treatment on the same day.

After the Procedure

Discharge: Normally within a few hours after monitoring.
Pain or Discomfort: There may be mild flank pain or bruising, and pain medication is usually given.
Hydration: Drink large volumes of water to promote natural stone fragment removal.
Follow-up Imaging: To ensure all fragments have passed.
Activity: Patients can start light activities in 1 to 2 days.

Advantages of SWL

Completely Non-Invasive: No cuts or incisions.
Outpatient Procedure: Discharge on the same day.
Quick Recovery: Minimal downtime.
High Success Rate: Especially for stones smaller than 2 cm.
Minimal risk of infection compared to surgical methods.

Risks & Possible Complications

Mild pain or discomfort during the excretion of a stone.
Blood in urine (usually temporary).
Bruising at the site of treatment.
Rare potential for infection at the location of treatment.
Repeat treatment or other procedures may be required for the remaining stone fragments.

Precautions to Follow After SWL

Drink 2–3 litres of water daily as an active flush-out for fragments.
Follow the prescribed methods of taking painkillers and antibiotics.
Strain your urine as you collect any stone fragments in an analysis bag.
No heavy exercise for a few days.
Follow up with imaging and evaluations at follow-up visits.

Does shock wave lithotripsy hurt?

The procedure is generally not painful, so some patients may feel uncomfortable delivering the shock waves.

How many sessions usually happen?

One procedure becomes necessary for most patients, but larger stones may require two or more.

Does SWL work on all stones?

It is best for stones less than 2 centimetres in size and in the upper ureter or an upper pole calyx of the kidney. Complex or large stones might need other alternatives.

After how long can I resume work?

Typically, after 1-2 days of the procedure.

Do stones recur after undergoing SWL?

Stones can reappear if individuals fail to take preventive measures.

Why Choose Tender Palm Hospital for Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) in Lucknow, India?

Tender Palm Super-Speciality Hospital is one of the best hospitals for Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) in Lucknow, India. Our experienced Urologists uses advanced technology, and provides patient-focused care, the hospital ensures safer procedures, quicker recovery, and improved long-term outcomes.